The acronym DBMS means Database Management System (in Portuguese), the general purpose of the DBMS is to allow the definition, creation, updating and administration of the database.
Learn more about DBMS and understand the benefits of using it!
What is DBMS?
The Data Base Management System (DBMS) is a database engine that assists in database management, enabling data to be accessed, locked, and modified. These are the fundamental elements for providing concurrency, security, data integrity and carrying out standardized procedures during data administration.
The DBMS supports database administration tasks such as change management, performance monitoring and tuning, security, and backup. Database systems are also responsible for automatically reverting and restarting, logging and auditing activities in databases and the applications they access.
There are two types of DBMS: relational and non-relational, known as NoSQL database.
DBMS origin
1960: Charles Bachman developed a navigation DBMS known as the Data Store. In the same year IBM (International Business Machines Corporation) created the Information Management System (IMS), a type of hierarchical DBMS designed to support IBM mainframes still used by some companies.
1970: IBM's Edgar Codd introduced in his seminal article a relational data model for large shared databases. However, the first RDBMS released was Ingres, developed at the University of California, Berkeley, the creation team was led by Michael Stonebraker. At the same time IBM was developing the System R project, to finally create its own RDMS.
1971: The release of the Conference/Committee on Data Systems Languages (CODASYL) made the integrated database management system a commercial implementation of the advanced network model database style created by CODASYL.
1979: Oracle was developed, followed by IBM's Db2 (year) and Sysbase SQL Server (year).
1990: The term NoSQL was created, after object-oriented programming (OO) became popular, it was necessary to create a new type of system, which soon gained popularity in the market.
2000: New non-relational DBMS products such as key-value, graph, document was added to the NoSQL category.
Currently the DBMS market has been dominated by RDBMS, however, the popularity of New SQL and NoSQL database systems continues to grow.
DBMS Composition
The structure of the database management system is defined by the following components:
Metadata Catalog: Also known as a systems catalog or database dictionary, it acts as a repository for the objects of a database.
Storage Engine: Used to store the data.
Database Access Language: The DBMS provides an API for accessing and modifying data, which can also be used for creating objects in the database, securing and authorizing access to the data.
Optimization engine: Provides an optimization engine, which can be used in performing analysis on database access language requests.
Query Processor: The DBMS provides a way to execute the query and return the results.
Records manager: Records all changes made to data, known as a log, this component is used to ensure accuracy and efficiency of records, being activated at startup and termination in order to maintain data integrity.
Data Utilities: Offers a set of utilities to manage and control the activities of a database. Performing processes such as: organizing, recovering backup, integrity checking, data loading, data unloading and database repair.
How does the DBMS work?
The DBMS, Database Management System, is a system that helps in the management, security and handling of information within the database, in a centralized and organized way, so that the entire company has access in an agile, reliable and shared way.
Just as there is a differentiation between databases, there are also relational and non-relational DBMS, known as NoSQL databases.
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS is widely used and is considered to be more popular. Its usage system manages the data in tables, rows and columns, using the SQL method, each row represents a record and each column represents a field within that record. Examples: MySQL, PostgreSQL, MariaDB, Microsoft SQL Server and Oracle.
Non-relational DBMS
The fundamental characteristic of non-relational databases is their use of various methods to manage data, such as through key-value and the use of relationships between tables as a way of linking data, allowing efficient queries and data analysis. Common examples of non-relational DBMSs include MongoDB, Elasticsearch, and CouchDB.
These two types of DBMS have their advantages depending on the case in which they will be used, while the relational presents a better performance in transactions, processes and data constancy, the NoSQL is better to deal with large amounts of unstructured data and workloads of big data.
DBMS benefits
The use of DBMS brings several advantages to your company, check out some:
- Balances the needs of multiple applications using the same data
- Simplified access through a standard API
- Ability to recover data after crashes
- Enables the structuring of a logical organization
- Optimizes the processing of large amounts of data
- Enhanced data security
- Retain data consistency
- Better flexibility and scalability
- Easy maintenance
- Reduces the risk of failures
Furthermore, a DBMS can provide numerous views of a single database schema, enabling a view that defines what data the user sees and how that user sees the data. Provides a level of abstraction between the conceptual schema that defines the logical structure of the database and the physical schema, describes the files, indexes, and other physical mechanisms that the database uses.
In which situation to use the DBMS?
The company that needs to store and constantly access a large amount of data has a viable case for implementing this software. Applications that ask for the storage and manipulation of data that can be accessed by multiple users or clients are also candidates for using a DBMS.
Most small, medium and large companies can benefit from using a data handling system, because they have more data sharing needs and at the same time are able to immediately overcome the problems of cost and complexity of the operations.
In addition to promoting easy and quick access, the DBMS guarantees the security of access to information through access confirmations.